man/de/man5/vmm.cfg.5.rst
author Pascal Volk <neverseen@users.sourceforge.net>
Tue, 04 May 2010 22:26:04 +0000
branchv0.6.x
changeset 288 01cb71c1ae33
parent 286 e2046d47688b
child 291 7ef3f117a230
permissions -rw-r--r--
man5: added misc.dovecot_version to the minimal config example.
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 vmm.cfg
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Konfigurationsdatei für vmm
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:Author:         Pascal Volk <neverseen@users.sourceforge.net>
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:Date:           |today|
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:Version:        vmm-0.6.0
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:Manual group:   vmm Manual
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:Manual section: 5
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.. contents::
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  :backlinks: top
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  :class: htmlout
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SYNOPSIS
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========
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vmm.cfg
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BESCHREIBUNG
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============
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|vmm(1)|_ liest seine Konfigurationsparameter aus der Datei *vmm.cfg*.
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Die Konfigurationsdatei ist in mehrere Sektionen unterteilt. Jede Sektion
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wird mit dem in eckigen Klammern '**[**' und '**]**' eingefassten Namen der
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Sektion eingeleitet, gefolgt von '*Option* = *Wert*' Einträgen.
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Leerräume um das Gleichheitszeichen '=' und am Ende eines Wertes werden
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ignoriert.
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Leerzeilen und Zeilen, die mit einer '#' oder einem ';' anfangen, werden
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ignoriert.
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Jeder Wert ist von einem der folgenden Datentypen:
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* *Boolean* um zu bestimmen, ob etwas eingeschaltet/aktiviert (true) oder
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  ausgeschaltet/deaktiviert (false) ist.
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  | Mögliche Werte für *true* sind: **1**, **yes**, **true** und **on**.
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  | Mögliche Werte für *false* sind: **0**, **no**, **false** und **off**.
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* *Int* eine Integer-Zahl, geschrieben ohne eine gebrochene oder dezimale
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  Komponente.
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  | Beispielsweise **1**, **50** oder **321** sind Integer-Zahlen.
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* *String* eine Folge von Buchstaben und Zahlen.
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  | Zum Beispiel: '**Wort**', '**Hallo Welt**' oder '**/usr/bin/strings**'
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Die meisten Optionen haben einen Vorgabewert. Dieser ist nach dem Namen der
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Option in Klammern angegebenen. Um den Vorgabewert einer Option zu
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verwenden, wird die entsprechende Zeile entweder mit **#** oder **;**
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auskommentiert oder die Zeile wird einfach aus der *vmm.cfg* entfernt.
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Eine minimale *vmm.cfg* könnte so aussehen::
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  [database]
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  user = ich
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  pass = xxxxxxxx
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  [misc]
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  dovecot_version = 1.2.11
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SUCHREIHENFOLGE
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---------------
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Standardmäßig sucht |vmm(1)|_ die *vmm.cfg* in folgenden Verzeichnissen,
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in der angegebenen Reihenfolge:
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  | */root*
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  | */usr/local/etc*
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  | */etc*
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Die zuerst gefundene Datei wird verwendet.
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SEKTIONEN
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=========
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Im Folgenden werden die Sektionen der *vmm.cfg* und deren Optionen
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beschrieben.
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ACCOUNT
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-------
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Die Optionen der Sektion **account** legen Konto-spezifische Einstellungen
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fest.
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.. _account.delete_directory:
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``delete_directory (Vorgabe: false)`` : *Boolean*
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  Bestimmt das Verhalten von |vmm(1)|_ beim Löschen eines Kontos
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  (|userdelete|_). Wenn der Wert dieser Option *true* ist, wird das
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  Home-Verzeichnis des zu löschenden Anwenders rekursiv gelöscht.
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.. _account.directory_mode:
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``directory_mode (Vorgabe: 448)`` : *Int*
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  Zugriffsbits des Home-Verzeichnisses, sowie aller enthaltenen
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  Verzeichnisse, in Dezimal-Schreibweise (Basis 10).
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  | Beispiel: 'drwx------' -> oktal 0700 -> dezimal 448
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.. _account.disk_usage:
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``disk_usage (Vorgabe: false)`` : *Boolean*
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  Legt fest, ob die Festplattenbelegung des Maildirs eines Benutzers jedes
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  Mal mit **du**\(1) ermittelt und mit den Konto-Informationen ausgegeben
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  werden soll.
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  Bei umfangreichen Maildirs kann das langsam sein. Falls Sie Quotas
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  aktiviert haben, wird der **vmm**-Unterbefehl |userinfo|_ ebenfalls die
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  aktuelle Quota-Nutzung des Kontos mit ausgegeben. Sie können auch eines
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  der optionalen Argumente **du** oder **full** an |userinfo|_ übergeben,
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  um sich die aktuelle Festplattenbelegung anzeigen zu lassen.
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.. _account.imap:
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``imap (Vorgabe: true)`` : *Boolean*
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  Bestimmt, ob sich neu angelegte Benutzer per IMAP anmelden können sollen.
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.. _account.password_length:
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``password_length (Vorgabe: 8)`` : *Int*
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  Diese Option legt die Anzahl der Zeichen für automatisch erzeugte
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  Passwörter fest. Alle Werte kleiner als 8 werden auf 8 erhöht.
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.. _account.pop3:
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``pop3 (Vorgabe: true)`` : *Boolean*
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  Bestimmt, ob sich neu angelegte Benutzer per POP3 anmelden können sollen.
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.. _account.random_password:
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``random_password (Vorgabe: false)`` : *Boolean*
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  Mit dieser Option wird bestimmt , ob **vmm** ein zufälliges Passwort
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  generieren soll, wenn kein Passwort an den Unterbefehl |useradd|_
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  übergeben wurde. Ist der Wert dieser Option *false*, wird **vmm** Sie
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  auffordern, ein Passwort für den neun Account einzugeben.
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  Sie können die Länge für automatisch generierte Passwörter mit der Option
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  |account.password_length|_ konfigurieren.
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.. _account.sieve:
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``sieve (Vorgabe: true)`` : *Boolean*
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  Bestimmt, ob sich neu angelegte Benutzer per ManageSieve anmelden können
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  sollen.
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.. _account.smtp:
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``smtp (Vorgabe: true)`` : *Boolean*
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  Bestimmt, ob sich neu angelegte Benutzer per SMTP (SMTP AUTH) anmelden
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  können sollen.
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Beispiel::
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179
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  [account]
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  delete_directory = false
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  directory_mode = 448
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  disk_usage = false
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  random_password = true
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  password_length = 10
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  smtp = true
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  pop3 = true
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  imap = true
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  sieve = true
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BIN
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---
179
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In der **bin**-Sektion werden die Pfade zu den von |vmm(1)|_ benötigten
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Binaries angegeben.
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.. _bin.dovecotpw:
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``dovecotpw (Vorgabe: /usr/sbin/dovecotpw)`` : *String*
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  Der absolute Pfad zum dovecotpw Binary. Geben Sie den absoluten Pfad zum
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  doveadm Binary an, falls Sie Dovecot v2.0 verwenden. Dieses Binary wird
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  zur Hash-Erzeugung verwendet, wenn |misc.password_scheme|_ einen der
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  nachfolgenden Werte hat: 'CRAM-MD5', 'HMAC-MD5', 'LANMAN', 'OTP' 'RPA'
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  oder 'SKEY'. Dieses Binary wird auch benötigt, wenn Ihre
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  Python-Installation einen der folgenden Hash-Algorithmen nicht
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  unterstützt:
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  * md4 (hashlib + OpenSSL oder PyCrypto) verwendet für die
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    Passwort-Schemen: 'PLAIN-MD4' und 'NTLM'
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  * sha256 (hashlib oder PyCrypto >= 2.1.0alpha1) verwendet für die
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    Passwort-Schemen: 'SHA256' und 'SSHA256'
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  * sha512 (hashlib) verwendet für die Passwort-Schemen: 'SHA512' und
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    'SSHA512'
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.. _bin.du:
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``du (Vorgabe: /usr/bin/du)`` : *String*
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  Der absolute Pfad zu **du**\(1). Dieses Binary wird verwendet, wenn die
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  Festplattenbelegung eines Kontos ermittelt wird.
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.. _bin.postconf:
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``postconf (Vorgabe: /usr/sbin/postconf)`` : *String*
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  Der absolute Pfad zu Postfix' |postconf(1)|_. Dieses Binary wird
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  verwendet, wenn |vmm(1)|_ diverse Postfix-Einstellungen prüft, zum
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  Beispiel das |virtual_alias_expansion_limit|_.
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Beispiel::
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  [bin]
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  dovecotpw = /usr/sbin/dovecotpw
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  du = /usr/bin/du
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  postconf = /usr/sbin/postconf
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DATABASE
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--------
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Die **database**-Sektion wird verwendet, um die für den Datenbankzugriff
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benötigten Optionen festzulegen.
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.. _database.host:
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``host (Vorgabe: localhost)`` : *String*
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  Der Hostname oder die IP-Adresse des Datenbank-Servers.
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.. _database.name:
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``name (Vorgabe: mailsys)`` : *String*
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  Der Name der zu verwendenden Datenbank.
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.. _database.pass:
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``pass (Vorgabe: Nichts)`` : *String*
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  Das Passwort des Datenbank-Benutzers.
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.. _database.user:
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``user (Vorgabe: Nichts)`` : *String*
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  Der Name des Datenbank-Benutzers.
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Beispiel::
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179
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  [database]
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  host = localhost
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  user = vmm
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  pass = PY_SRJ}L/0p-oOk
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  name = mailsys
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DOMAIN
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------
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In der **domain**-Sektion werden Domain-spezifische Informationen
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konfiguriert.
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179
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.. _domain.auto_postmaster:
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``auto_postmaster (Vorgabe: true)`` : *Boolean*
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  Ist der Wert dieser Option *true*, wird |vmm(1)|_ beim Anlegen einer
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  Domain (|domainadd|_) automatisch einen postmaster-Account erstellen.
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.. _domain.delete_directory:
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``delete_directory (Vorgabe: false)`` : *Boolean*
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  Bestimmt, ob beim Löschen einer Domain (|domaindelete|_) das Verzeichnis
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  der zu löschenden Domain, inklusive aller Anwender-Verzeichnisse, rekursiv
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  gelöscht werden soll.
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.. _domain.directory_mode:
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``directory_mode (Vorgabe: 504)`` : *Int*
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  Zugriffsbits des Domain-Verzeichnisses in Dezimal-Schreibweise (Basis 10).
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179
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  | Beispiel: 'drwxrwx---' -> oktal 0770 -> dezimal 504
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.. _domain.force_deletion:
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``force_deletion (Vorgabe: false)`` : *Boolean*
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  Erzwingt das Löschen aller zugeordneten Konten und Aliase beim Löschen
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  einer Domain (|domaindelete|_).
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Beispiel::
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179
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  [domain]
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  auto_postmaster = true
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  delete_directory = false
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  directory_mode = 504
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  force_deletion = false
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MAILBOX
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-------
230
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In der **mailbox**-Sektion werden die für die Erstellung von Mailboxen
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erforderlichen Optionen festgelegt. Die INBOX wird in jedem Fall erstellt.
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.. _mailbox.folders:
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``folders (Vorgabe: Drafts:Sent:Templates:Trash)`` : *String*
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  Eine durch Doppelpunkten getrennte Liste mit Mailboxnamen die
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  erstellt werden sollen. (Wird derzeit nur berücksichtigt, wenn
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  |mailbox.format|_ entweder **maildir** oder **mbox** ist. Sollte das
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  gewählte Format ein anderes sein, kann Dovecots autocreate Plugin
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  <http://wiki.dovecot.org/Plugins/Autocreate> verwendet werden.) Sollen
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  keine zusätzlichen Mailboxen angelegt werden, ist dieser Optionen ein
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  einzelner Doppelpunkt ('**:**') als Wert zuzuweisen.
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179
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  Sollen Verzeichnisse mit Unterverzeichnissen angelegt werden, ist ein
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  einzelner Punkt ('**.**') als Separator zu verwenden.
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230
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.. _mailbox.format:
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``format (Vorgabe: maildir)`` : *String*
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  Das zu verwendende Format der Mailbox der Benutzer. Abhängig von der
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  verwendeten Dovecot-Version, stehen bis zu vier Formate zur Verfügung:
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230
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    ``maildir``
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      seit Dovecot v1.0.0
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    ``mbox``
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      seit Dovecot v1.0.0
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    ``dbox``
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      seit Dovecot v1.0.0
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    ``mdbox``
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      seit Dovecot v2.0.0
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Beispiel::
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230
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  [mailbox]
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  folders = Drafts:Sent:Templates:Trash:Lists.Dovecot:Lists.Postfix
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  format = maildir
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.. _imap_uft7:
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.. note:: Sollen in der **folders**-Einstellung internationalisierte Namen
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  für Maildir-Verzeichnisse verwendet werden, sind diese in einer
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  modifizierten Variante des UTF-7-Zeichensatzes (siehe :RFC:`3501`, Sektion
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  5.1.3) anzugeben.
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  Dovecot stellt seit Version 1.2.0 das nützlich Hilfsprogramm **imap-utf7**
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  zur Verfügung. Dieses dient zur mUTF-7 <-> UTF-8 Konvertierung.
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..
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imap-utf7 Beispiel::
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  user@host:~$ /usr/local/libexec/dovecot/imap-utf7 -r Wysłane
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  Wys&AUI-ane
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  user@host:~$ /usr/local/libexec/dovecot/imap-utf7 "&AVo-mietnik"
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  Śmietnik
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MISC
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----
177
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In der **misc**-Sektion werden verschiedene Einstellungen festgelegt.
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.. _misc.base_directory:
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``base_directory (Vorgabe: /srv/mail)`` : *String*
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  Alle Domain-Verzeichnisse werden innerhalb dieses Basis-Verzeichnisses
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  angelegt.
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.. _misc.crypt_blowfish_rounds:
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``crypt_blowfish_rounds (Vorgabe: 0)`` : *Int*
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  Anzahl der Verschlüsselungsdurchgänge für Blowfish-Crypt.
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  Diese Einstellung beeinflusst das Verhalten des 'CRYPT'-Passwortschematas.
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  Standardmäßig verwendet crypt den DES-Algorithmus für die
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  Kennwortverschlüsselung. |vmm(1)|_ prüft, ob Blowfish-Crypt verfügbar
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  ist. Wenn der Blowfishalgorithmus unterstützt wird und der Wert dieser
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  Einstellung größer als 0 ist, wird Blowfish anstelle von DES als
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  Algorithmus verwendet.
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  Der Wert muss im Bereich von **4** - **31** liegen.
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.. _misc.crypt_sha256_rounds:
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``crypt_sha256_rounds (Vorgabe: 0)`` : *Int*
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  Anzahl der Verschlüsselungdurchgänge für crypt unter Verwendung der SHA-256
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  Verschlüsselungsmethode.
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  Diese Einstellung beeinflusst das Verhalten des 'CRYPT'-Passwortschematas.
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  Standardmäßig verwendet crypt den DES-Algorithmus für die
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  Kennwortverschlüsselung. |vmm(1)|_ prüft, ob crypt die SHA-256 und/oder
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  SHA-512 Algorithmen unterstützt. Wenn die Algorithmen unterstützt werden
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  und der Wert dieser Einstellung größer als 0 ist, wird SHA-256 anstelle
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  von DES als Algorithmus verwendet.
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  Wenn der Wert von |misc.crypt_sha512_rounds|_ größer als 0 ist, wird der
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  SHA-512 Algorithmus anstelle von SHA-256 verwendet.
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  Der Wert muss im Bereich von **1000** - **999999999** liegen.
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.. _misc.crypt_sha512_rounds:
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``crypt_sha512_rounds (Vorgabe: 0)`` : *Int*
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  Anzahl der Verschlüsselungsdurchgänge für crypt unter Verwendung
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  der SHA-512 Verschlüsselungsmethode.
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  Siehe |misc.crypt_sha256_rounds|_ für Details.
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  Der Wert muss im Bereich von **1000** - **999999999** liegen.
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179
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.. _misc.password_scheme:
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``password_scheme (Vorgabe: CRAM-MD5)`` : *String*
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  Das zu verwendende Passwort-Schema. Um eine Liste aller verfügbaren
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  Passwort-Schemata zu erhalten, für Sie das Kommando **dovecotpw -l**
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  (Dovecot v1.x) oder **doveadm pw -l** (Dovecot v2.0) aus.
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.. _misc.transport:
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``transport (Vorgabe: dovecot:)`` : *String*
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  Der Standard-Transport aller Domains und Konten. Siehe auch:
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  |transport(5)|_
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.. _misc.dovecot_version:
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``dovecot_version (Vorgabe: Nichts)`` : *String*
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  Die eingesetzten Dovecot-Version. (siehe: **dovecot --version**).
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264
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  Wenn das Kommando **dovecot --version** zum Beispiel
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  *2.0.beta4 (8818db00d347)* ausgibt, ist dieser Option der Wert
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  **2.0.beta4** zuzuweisen.
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Beispiel::
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179
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  [misc]
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  base_directory = /srv/mail
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  crypt_sha512_rounds = 10000
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  password_scheme = CRYPT
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  transport = dovecot:
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  dovecot_version = 2.0.beta4
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DATEIEN
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=======
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*/root/vmm.cfg*
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  | Wird verwendet, falls vorhanden.
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*/usr/local/etc/vmm.cfg*
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  | Wird verwendet, sollte obige Datei nicht gefunden werden.
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*/etc/vmm.cfg*
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  | Wird verwendet, falls obengenannte Dateien nicht existieren.
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SIEHE AUCH
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==========
179
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|vmm(1)|_
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COPYING
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=======
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vmm und die dazugehörigen Manualseiten wurden von Pascal Volk geschrieben
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und sind unter den Bedingungen der BSD Lizenz lizenziert.
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.. include:: ../../substitute_links.rst
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.. include:: ../../substitute_links_5.rst